Kev Ua Haujlwm, Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Muaj Peev Xwm ntawm Capacitor Banks

1. Txoj Cai Ua Haujlwm Tseem Ceeb

Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau hauv cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li asynchronous motors, transformers, vuam tshuab, fluorescent teeb thiab electromagnets. Hluav taws xob, cov loads no tuaj yeem suav tias yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tiv thaiv thiab inductance txuas nrog hauv koob. Yog li ntawd, lub load tam sim no lags qab lub voltage, tsim ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm inductive reactive tam sim no thiab reactive zog.

 

Tag nrho tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib lub voj voog muaj ob yam:

Active tam sim no, uas yog nyob rau hauv theem nrog rau qhov voltage thiab ua hauj lwm pab tau xws li tsav motors thiab ua kom sov;

 

Reactive tam sim no, uas lags qhov voltage los ntawm 90℃thiab tsuas yog siv los tsim thiab tswj cov electromagnetic teb yam tsis muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo.

Txawm hais tias reactive tam sim no tsis tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj txiaj ntsig, nws tseem nyob hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab kab muaj peev xwm, ua rau kom poob qis thiab txo cov hluav taws xob tag nrho. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob pov tseg hauv kev lag luam fais fab.

 

Nyob rau hauv sib piv, tam sim no ntawm ib tug capacitor ua tus voltage los ntawm 90 degree, uas yog opposite nyob rau hauv theem rau inductive reactive tam sim no. Thaum cov capacitors txuas nrog rau qhov sib npaug nrog inductive loads, lub capacitive reactive tam sim no offsets ib feem los yog tag nrho cov inductive reactive tam sim no, yog li ua tiav reactive zog them. Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub txhab nyiaj capacitor.

2. Core Functions ntawm Capacitor Banks

Capacitor txhab nyiajtau dav siv nyob rau hauv qis-voltage industrial fais fab faib tshuab los txhim kho lub zog zoo, txo cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo, txhim kho lub zog zoo thiab ua tiav kev txuag hluav taws xob.

 

Lawv lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb suav nrog:

• Txhim kho lub zog ua haujlwm

Lub capacitive reactive hwj chim generated los ntawm capacitors compensates rau lub inductive reactive zog ntawm lub load, txo cov theem sib txawv ntawm voltage thiab tam sim no thiab zoo txhim kho lub system hwj chim.

 

• Txo cov kab poob thiab tiv thaiv overload

Los ntawm kev txo qhov tsis tsim nyog reactive tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub cev, tag nrho cov kab tam sim no txo ​​qis raws li, uas txo cov hluav taws xob poob hauv cables thiab transformers thiab pab tiv thaiv overload los ntawm lub zog reactive ntau dhau.

 

• Stabilizing Grid Voltage

Hnyav inductive loads feem ntau ua rau qhov hluav taws xob poob thiab hloov pauv, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Capacitor them nyiaj pab stabilize davhlau ya nyob twg voltage thiab txhim kho fais fab mov kev ntseeg tau.

 

• Tso Transformer Peev Xwm

Reactive zog occupies ib feem ntawm lub transformer rated peev, txwv nws muaj peev xwm xa active zog. Reactive fais fab kev them nyiaj pub dawb lub peev xwm transformer thiab txhim kho cov cuab yeej siv kev ua haujlwm.

 

3. Cov Qauv Txiaj Ntsig thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm Yam ntxwv

3.1 Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb

Tus qauv qis-voltage capacitor bank feem ntau muaj xws li:

• Txee enclosure
• Busbars
• Circuit Court breakers
• Isolating keyboards
• AC contactors
• Thermal relays
• xob laim ntes
• Kev them nyiaj yug capacitor
• Series reactors
• Automatic power factor controllers
• Ntsuas ntsuas
• Lub hauv paus thiab theem nrab cov kab hluav taws xob
• Terminal blocks

 

3.2 Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm

Lub txhab nyiaj capacitor ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ib txwm muaj thiab feem ntau tsis tas yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm phau ntawv. Nws pib thiab nres ua ke nrog lub ntsiab fais fab mov system.

 

Lub built- hauv ntsetus tswjtsis tu ncua saib xyuas cov xwm txheej load thiab qhov system fais fab hauv lub sijhawm. Raws li reactive fais fab xav tau, nws cia li hloov lub tsev txhab nyiaj capacitor rau lossis tawm kom muaj kev pom zoo rau lub xeev thiab txo qis reactive zog poob.

 

Rau kev saib xyuas niaj hnub, kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua yuav tsum tau ua los xyuas rau:

• Capacitor roj to los yog o
• Cov suab nrov txawv txav lossis overheating
• Loose thaiv kev sib txuas
• Kev laus cables lossis cov khoom puas

 

4. Kev phom sij ntawm lub zog tsis tshua muaj zog (Reactive zog ntau dhau)

Yog hais tias reactive fais fab nyiaj them tsis tau muab ntsia rau hauv cov tshuab nrog loj inductive loads, lub hwj chim yuav txo qis, ua rau cov teeb meem hauv qab no:

• Cov kab siab dua tam sim no ua rau cov thermal poob hauv cov cables thiab transformers, uas ua rau muaj kev siv zog ntau dua thiab siv hluav taws xob tsawg;
• Kev poob qis ntau dhau ua rau tsis ruaj khov thiab txo qis hluav taws xob, uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob;
• Reactive fais fab occupies transformer muaj peev xwm thiab txwv muaj active zog tso zis, txo cov kev siv efficiency ntawm lub hwj chim faib khoom.

 

5. Txoj kev suav rau qhov yuav tsum tau muaj peev xwm them rov qab

Empirical Sizing Method rau Industrial Applications

Hauv cov ntawv thov kev tsim vaj tsev, qhov kev them nyiaj uas yuav tsum tau muaj feem ntau yog kwv yees li ib -feem peb ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntsuas qhov muaj peev xwm (unit: kVAR).

Raws li cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev thauj khoom tiag tiag thiab kev ua haujlwm, cov peev txheej them nyiaj feem ntau yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 30% mus rau 40% ntawm qhov ntsuas lub peev xwm.

 

Piv txwv

Rau 200 kVA transformer:

Pom zoo them nyiaj muaj peev xwm:

200 × (30% ~ 40%)=60 ~ 80 kVAR

Yog li ntawd, lub txhab nyiaj capacitor uas muaj peev xwm nruab nrab ntawm 60 kVAR thiab 80 kVAR feem ntau pom zoo kom ua tau raws li ntawm - qhov chaw reactive zog them nyiaj yuav tsum tau.